The war broke out in ‘40. I was three years old, having been born in September of ‘37. “My dad went to Germany he would not be back for several years. He went there out of his own free will, believing that he could do more for his family that way.

My dad loved the German people and they loved him. (Not the Nazi’s)

Dad was able to send money home and other people who were

forced to work for the German Nazi’s, were not able to do this.

It was up to my mom now to take care of her two children my sister Greetje and I, and find food for us all.

Living in the North of Holland, only several hours away from the farmers, the first few years were not too bad for us, but that

slowly changed. My mother had to sell her best linens, her gold watch and sewing machine for food.

The farmers did not care to receive money as it was worth nothing, so anything of value had to go.

A bottle of oil, a very valued commodity, would sell for $250.00 guilders.

My mother would bring home dried fish that stank something awful. We had to eat it anyway.

Looking back it still amazes me how resourceful people are when they have to be.

I would go to where coal was loaded onto trains, and take with me a small broom and dustpan and bring home coal dust. We would chew tar and turned it into chewing gum. It also whitens your teeth.

You could do the same with grain. We kids would go to where the grain was being loaded onto trains, and we would pick up what had fallen on the ground. It takes a long time to chew that grain, but believe me it will turn into gum.

Sometimes we were lucky and had a piece of real chewing gum. We kids would take some sugar to give it some flavour again after we had been chewing it for some time and all the flavours had left.

At night we wound it around the iron bed post.

If friends had gum and asked if you wanted to come out and play with them, you would tell them: “Sure if I can have your gum.” “Okay but only for awhile”

Later came bubble gum, and because of the sharing, we would all have sores around our mouth.

Would you like to know what happens to gum if you chew it for days? It crumples up into nothing. (It does take several days)

We may have been kids but we did things that were beyond our age.

We would climb onto trucks loaded with sugar beets, and throw them off the truck so people could make sugar.

I remember that one day I was about six years old, when I was sent shopping at the corner store for groceries. I could see from the store the school the Germans occupied, as it was around the corner of our street.

I saw a truck heaped high with coal. I saw no Germans, so I climbed onto that truck and started to shove the coal down.

What was amazing was how quickly people realized what was going on. They came with buckets and pails to scoop up what they could. When others took over from me to shovel more coal down, I ran home to tell mother at home to get some for us too.

The Germans let us be for a while they must have known what was going on. Most of them were mere boys.

We were also sustained by the soup kitchen. One of our neighbours called to say that there was meat in the soup that day. Quickly I was sent to get some of that good stuff. In the meantime, our neighbours had found the source of the meat it was the tail of a mouse. I can't remember if we ate that soup.

During the German occupation you were not allowed to have a radio, they were all confiscated. Mother kept hers and it was connected together with a neighbours. Someone must have turned them in for the authorities came knocking one day. They asked her first how long she had that radio. She said the first thing that came to her mind, six months. They went to the neighbour next and asked him the same question. Unbelievably he gave the very same answer. Because of that, they were let go, after the radio was taken of course.

Mother was hiding two girls in our home why, I can't recall. I was told that when the doorbell rang and I saw through the little door window’s two hats, not to open the door, but to call mommy first. I was very, very scared every time the doorbell rang. The two men with hats I knew were authority, detectives, I found out later.

Well lo and behold, one day it happened two hats were visible at the door window. I froze! They were here! I called out to mother who took her time to open the door, the men stormed passed her up the stairs.

They shouted at mother wanting to know where the girls were. She told them she didn't know.

I stayed with mom who kept the men talking. In the meantime the girls had jumped from our balcony onto the garages of the people below, over back fences they went, until they came to the school, were I later went to Sunday school, and escaped that way. My sister watched it all happening.

In ‘44 food was so scarce, that mother decided to leave the city and go to her sister and her husband. They lived in the country, closer to the farmers. She loaded up a pushcart with some of our belongings, and then found a boat that would take us to my aunt’s place, some twenty kilometres away from our city. The town was called Appingedam.

When we got to their place, we found my aunt in bed. She had contracted tuberculosis. Mom thought that she got sick by neglecting her health by using the milk to make butter, and then selling it.

I still see that large jar of milk behind the stove. To see in a few day’s, blobs of butter floating on top.

We were at my aunt's house only a few weeks, when the German’s ordered everyone in the village to evacuate the town. We had no choice we were once again on the move. Where to now? We started to leave the town and walk. Soon we came to the outskirts.

Here a lot of the land was flooded, and I was petrified. I was afraid of water then and to me this looked like an ocean.

Water, water, as far as I could see.

I was screaming in terror. (The Dutch had blown up some of their own bridges and flooded the land, to try and stop the Germans from advancing)

My younger sister was sitting on the carrier of the bike my uncle was pushing. Mother finally couldn't stand my wailings any longer and put me on her bike. The bikes we have in Holland all have a carrier on the back of the bike. They are strong enough to hold an adult.

We came to a farm. A good farmer and his wife lived there. They allowed the sick, including my aunt, to go inside the farmhouse and the others had to go to the barn and sleep in the hay. There were quite a few of us, all making a place for ourselves as best as we could. It was not easy sleeping with all those strangers, their noises kept me awake for a long time.

The next morning several men including my uncle, helped the farmer milk his cows. We were allowed to drink the milk.

As much as I love milk, I sure had to get used to drinking milk still warm from the cow.

To feed the family, mother and my uncle and sometimes with others, would walk back to the village and take all the food they could carry.

Then from bricks the people build fireplaces so they could cook. The only meals that I remember eating there were pancakes.

It was dangerous going back to the town, as the Germans were shooting at the Canadian soldiers that were in Holland defending the Dutch. From where we were staying on the farm, we could see that the town was burning.

But my mother went back day after day, with several other brave souls.

If they found no food in one house, they would go into another. It was not thought of then as looting or stealing, but survival.

One day, mother went back to the village, with one of the men staying at the farm. She found what she had come looking for, and was ready to go back to the farm.

She called out to the man, and just as he stood in the doorway, a shell hit him, instantly killing him.

Time and time again people went back to the town, what else could they do? You had to go, if you wanted to eat and take care of your family.

In the North of Holland the war was over in May of ‘45.

A walk was organized from the farm to walk back to our city, twenty kilometres away. The town was too burned for many to go back there.

I never forget seeing some Canadian soldiers across the street and they were laughing.

For some reason I looked down and there on the street were five large cookies, laid out in the form of a five. I knew it was the soldiers who had put them there. They now watched to see who would find them. We had walked several kilometres, when mother spotted army trucks coming our way. She walked to the middle of the road and held up her hands for them to stop.

"Mama you can't do that," I told her. She did, and they stopped.

The soldiers said that they would take the people to a school in the city. They took the sick, the old and some of the children.

When we had walked about ten kilometres we came to a small village called: “Ten Boer.” The rest of the people stayed there sitting at the market square, while my mother and my uncle got hold of a pair of bikes without tires just riding on the rims, with my sister and me on the bike carrier and so we went to the city.

The authorities were notified that a group of people were in need of being picked up from the market square. They al ended up in a school in Groningen.

I went to visit with the people several times, and will always remember the certain smells that permeated that place.

When we returned to Groningen, we stopped at my aunt's place. We found my grandmother staying there. She told that the Germans had killed her daughter, my aunt. My aunt had spotted German army trucks unloading at a school and when she saw it was food, she took some.

The Germans saw her, but did nothing. Not believing her good fortune, she called her neighbour and together they set out to get more food.

This time the Germans shot in the air to warn them, my aunt did not believe that they would shoot, for she knew that they had let her take food earlier.

So she went on taking things and they did shoot her, killing her instantly.

She left a husband and three boys motherless. My mother’s brother was killed also. He was in a prisoner of war camp, in Germany.

The German’s knew by then they were losing the war, but they did not want to hear it. My uncle did tell them and was promptly shot dead for his efforts.

Not all the German people were bad.

It was the Nazi’s that were the real bad ones, not the common people, they too suffered through happenings from the war.

So many of the soldiers were just boys, they could be heard to say; “Ich habe der krieg nicht gewilt: (I did not want this war)

One of my nephews died of tuberculosis. This happened shortly after the war the direct results of bad food.

Because we had left our home unlived in, people from the N.S.B party had moved in.

These people were Dutch, but they had joined the enemy, they were traitors to their own people.

Mother went inside our home and told them we were back.

The first thing she noticed was the pictures of the Royal Dutch family where taken of the walls, where she had hung them.

She opened some drawers and found them there. Surprising the people had not destroyed them.

Mom pronto nailed the pictures back to the wall, telling the people not to touch them again and they didn’t.

All but one boy and girl moved out soon, they stayed for several more weeks.

The neighbours thought that we had invited these people into our home, This was not true, what could we have done about it?

They moved in while we were gone.

These traitors were going to be punished some day for going over to the enemy, but that would take time.

For many years the kids in the street called us N.S.B’ers. These initials stand for: “National Socialist Bond”

It was years later when I told the kids what has happened that the name calling stopped.

When the war had ended, citizens grabbed some of the girls that had befriended German soldiers, (mostly for food and cigarettes), shaved their heads and painted a swastika on them.

Some people had to eat tulip bulbs, and who knows what else, so they were angry with these girls, they looked better fed than most of us.

There was also great joy and people dancing up a storm.

In our street appeared a long table with all kinds of food, where all that came from I don't know, but it looked like a feast to me.

Sweden sent bread that was white as snow, something I never had seen before, or since. And the slices were so large!

Even today, if we children would say to our mother that we were hungry, she would get very upset with us. She would tell us that we had never been hungry, that there was always something to eat, even if it was many times a dry piece of bread.

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